| ARI research stations |
In Morogoro region the ARI station is Ilonga. In Dodoma region it is Hombolo and Makatupora |
| Bioenergy |
All types of energy derived from biofuels including wood energy and agro-energy |
| Biofuel |
Any solid, liquid or gaseous fuel produced from biomass |
| Case study site (CSS) |
Village with local market place and surrounding 2-3 villages |
| Impact assessment |
Impact assessment is a set of logical steps which helps assess the potential economic, social and environmental impact of specific inputs, options, and changes related to UPS. It provides evidence to involved stakeholders on their advantages and disadvantages. |
| Food security |
According to WHO it is defined as existing “when all people at all times have access to sufficient,
safe, nutritious food to maintain a healthy and active life”. This includes both physical and economic
access to food that meets people's dietary needs as well as their food preferences. |
| Food value chain (FVC) |
It is defined as consisting of the following main components: natural resources for food production, primary
production, food processing, marketing, consumption |
| Fuelwood |
Wood in the rough (such as chips, sawdust and pellets) used for energy generation |
| GA-RDInet |
German-Tanzanian R&D&I network |
| HH survey |
The central HH survey comprises 2 CSS and one control village capturing each 150 HH for both the regions
of Dodoma and Morogoro. |
| Implementation feasibility |
This is the ability of research components to be successfully implemented for sustainable use by small-scale farmers. |
| Innovation |
Innovation is seen as a continuous cumulative process involving not only radical and incremental innovation but
also the diffusion absorption and use of innovation. (Muchie, Mammo; Gammeltoft, Peter and Lundvall, Bengt-Åke 2003:
Putting Africa First: The Making of African Innovation Systems. Aalborg University Press. Aalborg) |
| Stakeholder of the FVC |
We distinguish between different types of stakeholders: a) stakeholders relevant to food security such as scientists,
farmers, traders, policy makers, and other actors; b) primary users/actors along the FVC at grass root level: farmers and
pastoralists, processors, millers, stockists, traders, middlemen, transporters, consumers; c) other interested stakeholders
along the FVC: organisations, institutions, key informants, policy makers, extension officers, service providers, NGOs,
churches, etc. Stakeholder compositions differ depending on the scale level (village, district/regional, national). |
| Trials |
At ARI Makatuporo the University of Hohenheim and ARI are conducting trials of 4 crops (Maize, Sorghum, sunflower, rice)
under different irrigation regimes simulating the weather gradient from semi-arid (Dodoma) to sub-humid (Morogoro). |
| Upgrading strategy (UPS) |
In Trans-SEC this term is used for sets of activities among the FVC components,
which improve the food security on village level. |
| Vulnerable rural poor |
Vulnerable rural poor are smallholders (small-scale farmers) who hardly exceed levels of self-sufficiency. |
| Wood fuel |
Wood fuel is fuel from wood sources including solids (fuel wood and charcoal), liquids (black liquor, methanol, and pyrolitic oil)
and gases from the gasification of these fuels. |
